TITLE:
Incidence of Tuberculosis in Latent TB Infected (LTBI) Patients Living with HIV under Antiretroviral Therapy in the Lomé Infectious Disease Department
AUTHORS:
Majesté Ihou Wateba, Komi Adjoh, Lidawou Bawe, Awerewou Kotosso, A. Patassi, Abago Balaka
KEYWORDS:
LTBI, Incidence, Tuberculosis, HIV
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of AIDS,
Vol.7 No.3,
September
29,
2017
ABSTRACT: Objective: To determine the incidence of tuberculosis in person living with
HIV infected by latent TB and under antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Method:
We studied prospectively for 36 months the occurrence of bacilliform pulmonary
tuberculosis in patients infected with HIV, naive of BCG and receiving antiretroviral
treatment. Each patient had an intradermal reaction (IDR) of 10 IU
tuberculin Mérieux. The measurement of the nodule is made 72 hours later.
During follow-up, patients were reviewed every six months for active tuberculosis. Results: A total of 212 out of 257 patients had an IDR greater than 5 mm, an
ITL prevalence of 86.33%. Three patients were lost to follow-up during the
study. The predominant female sex is 69.81%. The mean age was 42.8 ± 10.02
years. A previous history of tuberculosis was found in 14.15% of patients and
208 patients (98.11%) had HIV1. In 39.15% of patients, patients had a CD4
count lower than 350 cells/mm3 at baseline in the study. At the end of the
three-year follow-up, among the 14 patients, 11 had failed ARV therapy and had
developed TB, with an incidence of 2.20 cases per 100 patients. Conclusion:
The incidence of active tuberculosis in LTBI was very high in HIV-positive patients
with low CD4 count, hence the importance of reliable LTBI screening
such as gamma interferon is better than patient follow-up.