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Albani, A.E.L., Bengtson, S., Canfield, D.E., Bekker, A., Macchiarelli, R., Mazurier, A., Hammarlund, E.U., Boulvais, P., Dupuy, J.-J., Fontaine, C., Fursich, F.T., Gauthier-Lafaye, F., Janvier, P., Javaux, E., Ossa, F.O., Pierson-Wickmann, A.-C., Riboulleau, A., Sardini, P., Vachard, D., Whitehouse, M. and Meunier, A. (2010) Large Colonial Organisms with Coordinated Growth in Oxygenated Environments 2.1 Gyr Ago. Nature, 466, 100-104.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09166

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Growth, Duplication and Lateral Mutual Compressive Deformation of Akouemma hemisphaeria on the Seafloor of Okondja Basin at 2.2 Ga (Gabon)

  AUTHORS: Ambroise Edou-Minko, Mathieu Moussavou, Tomohiko Sato, Yusuke Sawaki, Simplice Ndong Ondo, Richard Maire, Guillaume Fleury, Michel Mbina Mounguengui, Anders Kaestner, Richard Ortega, Stéphane Roudeau, Asuncion Carmona, Makaya Mvoubou, Benjamin Musavu Moussavou, Osamu Sasaki, Shigenori Maruyama

  KEYWORDS: Paleoproterozoic, Francevillian Group, Okondja Basin, Akouemma hemisphaeria, Growth, Duplication

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Geosciences, Vol.8 No.9, September 28, 2017

  ABSTRACT: A colony of macro-fossils Akouemma hemisphaeria has been described in the Paleoproterozoic sedimentary basin of Okondja, Gabon. These fossils are classified into two groups according to their spheroidal or elongated forms. The spheroidal shapes are similar, have a tripartite structure with two hemispheres and a median disc and gradually pass to the elongated forms. These elongated forms have a pronounced bipartite tendency to two “hemispheres” separated by a median surface, and often have several ovoid “pieces” attached. The elongated specimens show both lateral growth marks and signs of fission. Growth marks are characterized by unidirectional homogeneous side elongations and lateral bud-like protuberances. The signs of fission are marked by circular furrows perpendicular to the direction of elongation, called “constriction furrows” with varying depths depending on the degree of fission of the specimen and internal vertical “division planes”. All of these ovoid and elongated specimens have undergone significant initial deformations due mainly to mutual lateral compressions in tabular beds. The Akouemma hemisphaeria macro-organisms, which were primitive probably sessile organisms, lived on the seafloor. They provide the oldest known record of macro-organisms on Earth having vegetative growth and asexual reproduction by budding, lateral elongation and fission. Their mutual lateral deformations would result from their growth.