TITLE:
Adenopathies in Internal Medicine Etiological Profile and Diagnostic Limits
AUTHORS:
Michel Assane Ndour, Atoumane Faye, Abdoulaye Leye, Boundia Djiba, Maimouna Sow, Sy Baydi Kane, Ngoné Diaba Diack, Fall Codou Biram, Yakham Mohamed Leye, Mouhamed Dieng, Nafy Ndiaye, Léa Marie Kabou, Abdoulaye Pouye
KEYWORDS:
Adenopathy, Etiologies, Dakar, Diagnostic Limits
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Internal Medicine,
Vol.7 No.3,
September
19,
2017
ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: An
adenopathy is a pathological hypertrophy of a lymph node of various etiologies
requiring a rigorous approach. Thus we proposed in this work to study the
etiological particularities of patients admitted for adenopathy in order to
identify their specificities. METHODS: This was an observational study
of a transverse and descriptive type, which took place from 1 July 2015 to 30
June 2016 in the internal medicine department of the Aristide Le Dantec
national hospital in Dakar. RESULTS: We identified 84 patients, consisted
of 46 male and 38 female. The sex
ratio was 1.2. The mean age was 37.5 years. The consultation period was on
average 2 months with extremes of 1 month and 1 year. The mean hospital stay
was 29. 2 days
with extremes of 1 week and 2 months. The etiologies found were classified into
6 groups. Hemopathies (30.9%) were dominated by acute leukemia in 8 patients
(9.52%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 9 patients (9.5%), Hodgkin’s disease in 5
patients (5.9%). Chronic lymphocytic leukemia was retained in 3 patients (3.5%)
and Castleman disease in 1 patient. Systemic diseases (11.9%) were divided into
lupus disease in 4 patients and rheumatoid arthritis in 4 patients, one case of
Sj?gren’s syndrome and one case of sarcoidosis. Infections were very frequent
in our study, found in 34 patients (40.4%). Tuberculosis was more
frequent (27.3%). The association with HIV was noted in 4 patients. The other
infections were pyogenic in 3 patients (3.5%), HIV in 6 patients
(7.1%), Borrelia and toxoplasma in 1 patient respectively. Cancers (8.3%) were
metastatic of primary tumors including the esophagus, lung, prostate, cavum,
stomach, pancreas and breast, one case each. One patient presented
lymphadenopathy with inguinal localization, the etiology of which was found to
be thrombophlebitis of the right lower limb. The hystiocytic pathologies (3.5%)
were all related to lymphohystiocytic activation syndrome (LHAS) secondary to
tuberculosis in 2 patients and pyomyositis in 1 patient. The difficulties
encountered were mainly the inaccessibility of certain complementary
examinations and the delay in obtaining the results. CONCLUSION: Adenopathies are a very common reason for consultation in internal medicine. This study allowed us to
draw up the etiological profile of adenopathies in our practice but also to
identify the main difficulties which are among other things the inaccessibility
of certain complementary examinations.