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Allen, D.T., Pacsi, A.P., Sullivan, D.W., Zavala-Araiza, D., Harrison, M., Keen, K., Fraser, M.P., Hill, A.D., Sawyer, R.F. and Seinfeld, J.H. (2014) Methane Emissions from Process Equipment at Natural Gas Production Sites in the United States: Pneumatic Controllers. Environmental Science & Technology, 49, 633-640.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es5040156

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Assessment of Uinta Basin Oil and Natural Gas Well Pad Pneumatic Controller Emissions

  AUTHORS: Eben D. Thoma, Parikshit Deshmukh, Russell Logan, Michael Stovern, Chris Dresser, Halley L. Brantley

  KEYWORDS: Pneumatic Controller Emissions, Oil and Natural Gas Production, Uinta Basin, Methane, Volatile Organic Compounds

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol.8 No.4, April 26, 2017

  ABSTRACT: In the fall of 2016, a field study was conducted in the Uinta Basin Utah to improve information on oil and natural gas well pad pneumatic controllers (PCs) and emission measurement methods. A total of 80 PC systems at five oil sites (supporting six wells) and three gas sites (supporting 12 wells) were surveyed, and emissions data were produced using a combination of measurements and engineering emission estimates. Ninety-six percent of the PCs surveyed were low actuation frequency intermittent vent type. The overall whole gas emission rate for the study was estimated at 0.36 scf/h with the majority of emissions occurring from three continuous vent PCs (1.1 scf/h average) and eleven (14%) malfunctioning intermittent vent PC systems (1.6 scf/h average). Oil sites employed, on average 10.3 PC systems per well compared to 1.5 for gas sites. Oil and gas sites had group average PC emission rates of 0.28 scf/h and 0.67 scf/h, respectively. This difference was due in part to differing site selection procedures used for oil and gas sites. The PC system types encountered, the engineering emissions estimate approach, and comparisons to measurements are described. Survey methods included identification of malfunctioning PC systems and emission measurements with augmented high volume sampling and installed mass flow meters, each providing a somewhat different representation of emissions that are elucidated through example cases.