TITLE:
Homogenized Porcine Extracellular Matrix Derived Injectable Tissue Construct with Gold Nanoparticles for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Applications
AUTHORS:
Sarah E. Smith, Colten L. Snider, David R. Gilley, Daniel N. Grant, Seth L. Sherman, Bret D. Ulery, David A. Grant, Sheila A. Grant
KEYWORDS:
Extracellular Matrix, Gold Nanoparticles, Homogenization, Cell Viability, Cell Migration
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology,
Vol.8 No.2,
April
26,
2017
ABSTRACT: A unique porcine extracellular matrix (ECM) derived
injectable tissue construct with 100 nm or 20 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNP) was
developed for musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications. ECM has been
shown to encourage cellularity and tissue remodeling due to its release of
growth factors while AuNP have been shown to reduce reactive oxygen species
(ROS) levels. Injectable tissue constructs were created by homogenizing
decellularized porcine diaphragm tendon conjugated with 100 nm or 20 nm AuNP at
1x, 4x, and 8x concentrations. Extrusion force testing demonstrated that
homogenized tissue constructs were injectable at an appropriate cannula size
and force. L-929 murine fibroblasts were used to measure cell viability, cell
proliferation, intracellular ROS levels, and cell migration in response to
constructs. Enhanced cell viability and proliferation are observed on 1 × 20 nm
AuNP constructs. ROS assays demonstrate reduced cellular ROS concentrations
from all 20 nm AuNP constructs and from 8 × 100 nm AuNP constructs compared with
constructs without nanoparticles. Cellular migration is higher towards 4 × 20 nm
AuNP constructs compared with constructs
without nanoparticles. Results support the potential use of a porcine ECM
derived injectable tissue construct with AuNP as an injectable tissue construct
to reduce inflammation and to promote tissue remodeling in musculoskeletal
tissue engineering applications.