TITLE:
Seepage Velocity of Dibdibba Formation in Karbala, Iraq
AUTHORS:
Qais Al-Madhlom, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Hussain M. Hussain, Jenny Lindblom, Twana Abdullah, Bashar Abid Hamza, Sven Knutsson
KEYWORDS:
Dibbdiba Formation, Seepage Velocity, Karbala, Iraq
JOURNAL NAME:
Engineering,
Vol.9 No.3,
March
31,
2017
ABSTRACT: Iraq highly depends on its surface water resources. Now it is facing water shortage problems. For these reasons, the utilization of groundwater will be increasing with time. Karbala Governorate is located in the central part of Iraq. It covers an area of 5034 km2 and the population exceeds one million. It is characterized by an arid or semiarid environment. Karbala Governorate lack surface water resource and consequently, groundwater is the only available resource. The main groundwater aquifer within the area is Dibdibba formation. It is composed of poorly sorted sand and sand stone with gravel. In this research hydrological and hydrogeological information were used to find out the magnitude and the direction of groundwater seepage velocity. The results indicate that groundwater flow toward the flood plain to the east of the study region. The seepage velocity ranges from 0 to 0.18 m/d, with a general increase when moving from the west to the east.