TITLE:
Association between Anthropometry, Dyslipidaemia and the Ten-Year Relative Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Ghanaians with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension at the Battor Catholic Hospital
AUTHORS:
Sylvester Yao Lokpo, William K. B. A. Owiredu, James Osei-Yeboah, Christian Obirikorang, Margaret T. Agyei-Frempong
KEYWORDS:
Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Risk, Framingham Risk Score, Dyslipidaemia
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Access Library Journal,
Vol.4 No.2,
February
22,
2017
ABSTRACT: Disordered body fat distribution and plasma lipid levels
promote atherosclerosis, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The
process of atherosclerosis is vigorous and rapid in diabetes and hypertension. This
study sought to determine the relationship between anthropometric and dyslipidaemic
parameters as well as ascertain using the Framingham percentage risk for heart disease,
the ten-year relative risk of developing CVD among type 2 diabetes and hypertensive
patients attending the Battor Catholic Hospital. This hospital-based case-control
study involved 125 participants with hypertension, type 2 diabetes or both and 62
age-matched healthy individuals as controls. Socio-demographic data was captured using a semi-structured questionnaire; anthropometric
and biochemical variables were obtained using standard methods. The anthropometric
and atherogenic dyslipidaemic
parameters of the case participants were found to be significantly higher compared
to the controls. Among the case group, 49 (39.2%) were observed to have a high risk and 41 (32.8%) with a moderate
risk of developing coronary heart disease in ten years. Among the control group,
11.3% presented with moderate risk with none scoring a high risk of developing coronary
disease within ten years. The odds of developing coronary heart disease in ten years was 4.5 times higher among the
case group with a higher female preponderance.