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Hayano, J., Sakakibara, Y., Yamada, M., Kamiya, T., Fujinami, T., Yokoyama, K., Watanabe, Y. and Takata, K. (1991) Accuracy of Assessment of Cardiac Vagal Tone by Heart Rate Variability in Normal Subjects. American Journal of Cardiology, 15, 199-204.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Long-Term Monitoring and Analysis of Age-Related Changes on Autonomic Nervous Function

  AUTHORS: Kenichi Itao, Makoto Komazawa, Zhiwei Luo, Hiroyuki Kobayashi

  KEYWORDS: Heart Rate Variability, Autonomic Nervous System, Stress, Age, Circadian Rhythm, Sleep

  JOURNAL NAME: Health, Vol.9 No.2, February 21, 2017

  ABSTRACT: This study used a small wearable heart rate sensor to monitor the daily autonomic function of 600 subjects from across all age groups over a prolonged period of time. The results indicated that the LF/HF ratio (Heart Rate Variability, LF: frequencies between 0.04 Hz - 0.15 Hz, HF: frequencies between 0.15 Hz - 0.4 Hz) an indicator of balance in the autonomic nervous system, tended to peak for subjects in their 40’s and decline thereafter. This conceivably may be partially due to the causes for concern and stress changing and/or declining for the group aged 50-plus. A decline in diurnal variation of autonomic nervous activity was also exhibited in subjects aged 50 and up, showing a tendency for decline in the function of rising sympathetic nerve activity particularly in the morning. It is conceivable that this stems from a decline in the responsiveness of the autonomic nervous system. Subjects in the 50-plus group furthermore exhibited a tendency for declining variation in autonomic nervous activity between sleeping and waking hours. This phenomenon was consistent with the tendency for there to be a rise in wake after sleep onset coupled with a decline in slow-wave sleep in middle- to old-age.