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Zhou, Z.X. and Parr, R.G. (1990) Activation Hardness: New Index for Describing the Orientation of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 112, 5720-5724.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00171a007

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Synthesis and Evaluation of 4-Hydroxy Quinolinone Derivatives as Antioxidants of Lubricating Grease

  AUTHORS: Modather F. Hussein, Mostafa A. Ismail, Refaat A. El-Adly

  KEYWORDS: Lubricating Greases, Antioxidants, 4-Hydroxy Quinolinone, Quantum Chemical Calculation

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Organic Chemistry, Vol.6 No.4, December 5, 2016

  ABSTRACT: 3-(5-(2.4-dichlorophyenyl)-4.5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4hydroxy-1-methylquinolin(1H)-one, 5-((4-hydroxy-8-methyl-2-oxo-1.2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)-1-phenyl-2-hioxodihydropyrimidine-4.6(1H.5H)-dione, and 1-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-(5-styryl-4.5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy analysis. These compounds are designated I, II and III, respectively. The antioxidants efficiency of the synthesized compounds in lubricating greases had been investigated using ASTM d-942 and ASTM d-664. The obtained data showed that the total acid number and oxygen pressure drop of these compounds in lubricating greases decrease in the order: Comp.III.