TITLE:
The Haemorrhoids’ Pathology: Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects
AUTHORS:
A. Coulibaly, R. Kafando, K. S. Somda, C. Doamba, M. Koura, C. C. Somé, T. Ouédraogo, S. Traoré
KEYWORDS:
Haemorrhoids, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Evolution, Burkina Faso
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Gastroenterology,
Vol.6 No.11,
November
29,
2016
ABSTRACT: Background: Hemorrhoidal disease is most frequently
encountered in proctology affection; it is defined by signs or symptoms
attributed to hemorrhoids. Its pathogenesis is based on old theories and
vascular mechanical which are nevertheless based on the current therapeutic
approach. General Aim of the Study: To study haemorrhoids’ pathology in order
to improve its management. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study
was conducted over a period of two (2) years from 1 January 2012 to 31 December
2013. Data were collected from outpatients records in hepato-gastroenterology
and digestive surgery services at “Polyclinique Notre Dame de la Paix” in Ouagadougou
(2294 files). Results: 140 cases of haemorrhoids were recorded during our study
period. The frequency was 6.1% of consultations. Males predominated with 75.71%
of patients (sex ratio = 3.12). The average age was 39.58 years. Civil servants
were most affected by this disease (60%). Rectal bleeding was the most common
reason of consultation (52.14%). The crown shape was predominated (59%). The
frequency of external haemorrhoids was the highest (65.71%) and stage 4
(40.79%) was the most represented. Anal fissure was the proctologic pathology,
the most associated to haemorrhoids (17.14%). Medical treatment concerned
89.28% of patients with 69.6% of favorable short-term evolution. No
instrumental treatment was performed. Surgical treatment consisted of 10.71% of
patients and the technique used was the Milligan-Morgan performed under spinal
anesthesia. The postoperative complications were mainly represented by anal
intense pain and acute urinary retention. The healing period of wounds was on
average 6 weeks. Conclusion: The hemorrhoid has often underestimated in our
regions. The instrumental treatment is nonexistent and should take an important
place; it must be an indication before surgery.