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Ward, D.E. (1999) Smoke from Wildland Fires. In: Goh, K-T., Schwela, D., Goldammer, J.G. and Simpson, O., Eds., Health Guidelines for Vegetation Fire Events-Background Papers, WHO, Singapore, 70-85.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Health and Environmental Impacts of Smoke from Vegetation Fires: A Review

  AUTHORS: Zifei Liu, James Pat Murphy, Ronaldo Maghirang, Daniel Devlin

  KEYWORDS: Emission, Exposure, Epidemiology, Prescribed Burning, Particulate Matter, Air Pollution

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol.7 No.12, November 25, 2016

  ABSTRACT: Smoke exposure is often an inevitable side effect of open vegetation fires (both planned and wild) and is an important public health concern. The objective of this paper is to summarize state-of-the-art knowledge on health and environmental impacts of smoke from vegetation fires, to identify research gaps, and to provide needed information to researchers, land managers, policymakers, health care workers, and the general public. The main components of vegetation fire smoke and their characterizations are identified and evaluated. Concentrations, emission ratios, and emission factors of smoke components and the combined health and environmental effects of all hazardous smoke components from vegetation fire smoke exposure are summarized. Trends in risk assessment of vegetation fire smoke, limitations of current research, and future research needs are discussed.