TITLE:
Factors Associated with Changes in Body Mass Trajectories during Infancy: A Longitudinal Analysis in Japan
AUTHORS:
Chiyori Haga, Naoki Kondo, Reiko Okamoto
KEYWORDS:
Body Mass Trajectory, Infant Weight, Child Health, Obesity
JOURNAL NAME:
Health,
Vol.8 No.14,
November
16,
2016
ABSTRACT: Maternal behaviour and child birth outcomes have been shown to be associated with the risk of disease in children. However, little is known about their association with the trajectories of physical development. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with body mass index (BMI) trajectories in Japanese toddlers. All 900 children born in Ibara City between 2006 and 2009 were enrolled in this study with their mothers. Children’s heights and weights were measured, as was BMI (weight [kg]/height [m]2). Multilevel analyses examined the association of maternal behaviour (smoking, using formula milk, and leaving the child in a daytime nursery) and birth outcomes (weight, parity, and gestational age) with standardized BMI trajectories (z-score analysis). Average BMIs ± standard deviations at birth and at 1.5, 2, and 3 years were 12.6 ± 1.3, 16.8 ± 1.2, 16.1 ± 1.2, and 15.7 ± 0.1, respectively. Maternal behaviour was not associated with BMI trajectories. However, BMIs of low birth weight children at 3 years were significantly higher than those of other children (β = 1.799, P β = –0.035, P β = –0.04271, P