TITLE:
Micro-Tuber Production in Diploid and Tetraploid Potato after Gamma Irradiation of in Vitro Cuttings for Mutation Induction
AUTHORS:
Souleymane Bado, Margit Laimer, Ndiogou Gueye, Ndeye Fatou Deme, Enoch Sapey, Abdelbagi Mukhtar Ali Ghanim, Vivian Carol Blok, Brian Peter Forster
KEYWORDS:
Potato, in Vitro Cuttings, Micro-Tubers, Mutation Induction, Gamma Irradiation, Mutant Populations, Recommended Dose Rates
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.7 No.14,
September
29,
2016
ABSTRACT: Micro-tubers are important
propagules in potato breeding and potato production, and they are also dormant and easily transported and
therefore good targets for mutation induction in potato mutation breeding. A
prerequisite for mutation breeding is to determine optimal mutation treatments. Therefore, radio-sensitivity tests of a tetraploid and a diploid potato to gamma irradiation
were undertaken. Effects of different gamma sources on radio-activity were also
studied. In vitro potato cuttings
were gamma irradiated using a wide dose range (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 20 Gy).
The irradiated cuttings were then cultured to induce micro-tubers directly in vitro. Micro-tuber morphotypes were
assessed after irradiation of cuttings using three gamma sources with emission
activities of 1.8, 7.07 and 139 Gy/min. The diploid species (Solanum
verrucosum) was more radio-sensitive than the tetraploid
cultivar Desirée (Solanum tuberosum).
Gamma dose rates had significant influences on subsequent micro-tuber
production at various mutant generations. Effects included reductions in the
number, size and weight of micro-tubers produced. Gamma dose was more lethal
for the diploid potato genotype and micro-tubers produced were small compared
to those produced by the tetraploid genotype after irradiation. Different
treatments are recommended for diploid and tetraploid potato irradiation in
producing large mutant micro-tuber populations. The mutant micro-tuber
populations may then be screened for interesting mutations/trait for both genetics
and plant breeding purposes.