TITLE:
Microbiota and Mycotoxins in Trilinear Hybrid Maize Produced in Natural Environments at Central Region in Mexico
AUTHORS:
Peña Betancourt, Silvia Denise
KEYWORDS:
Zea mays L., Mycotoxins, Fungi, Corn Hybrid
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Microbiology,
Vol.6 No.9,
August
11,
2016
ABSTRACT: Mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in 3 inbred lines (hybrids resistant
to corn ear rot) were identified in twenty samples. The maize (Zea mays) accessions were collected in
five plots of two municipalities in High Valley, state of Hidalgo. The fungal
population was determined with a microbiological dilution method used two culture
media (PDA and ELA), for the detection of mycotoxins with thin layer
chromatography with visual inspection in UV light and a direct competitive
enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA). The results showed high moisture content
in all hybrids evaluated on an average of 38.3% and a 1.8 × 103 UFC/g fungus, values within the permitted limits by the Mexican legislation;
however the most prevalent fungi were Fusarium sp. (76%), Alternaria sp. (14%), Penicillium sp. (4%) and Aspergillus sp. (5%), and the species Aspergillus nidulas, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium
poae, and Penicillium ochraceum.
The aflatoxin concentration was observed in a range from 2 to 13 ng/g and 370
to 660 ng/g to fumonisins. It is concluded that trilinear corn hybrids have a
variety of pathogenic potential fungi. The two genetic hybrids showed levels of
aflatoxins and fumonisin safe for human consumption, contrary to one hybrid,
with a content not suitable for human consumption. A better understanding of
genetic hybrids corn will improve predictive mycotoxin contamination.