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Solovic, I., Jonsson, J., Korzeniewska-Koseła, M., Chiotan, D.I., Pace-Asciak, A., Slump, E., Rumetshofer, R., Abubakar, I., Kos, S., Svetina-Sorli, P., Haas, W., Bauer, T., Sandgren, A. and van der Werf, M.J. (2011) Challenges in Diagnosing Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in the European Union. Euro Surveilliance, 18, pii: 20432.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Unusual Presentations of Tuberculosis: A Case Series

  AUTHORS: Mano Raj Dayalan, Hema Darshinee Johnson, Ganesh Kasinathan, Naganathan Pillai

  KEYWORDS: Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Pleural Effusion, Colitis, Lymphadenitis

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Access Library Journal, Vol.3 No.3, March 7, 2016

  ABSTRACT: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an air-borne infection caused by the organism Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that can affect any organ though it commonly involves infection of the lungs. Given the nature of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) that has various form of clinical manifestation, diagnosing EPTB remains a challenge. Background: This report discusses three cases of EPTB that posed diagnostic and management challenges. The first case presented as pleural effusion and TB was diagnosed on pleural biopsy. The second case presented with abdominal pain and mass in the right iliac fossa. Final diagnosis of tuberculous colitis was made post-laparotomy and he underwent successful anti-tuberculous treatment. The third case presented with a single enlarged cervical lymph node and a typical history. Investigations were suggestive of tuberculous lymphadenitis and patient showed a positive response to anti-tuberculous treatment. Conclusion: EPTB has various forms of clinical manifestation, which imposes diagnostic and treatment challenges. Thus, it is crucial to always include tuberculosis as part of working diagnosis especially in regions where tuberculosis is endemic until proven otherwise. Hence it is imperative to start treatment early to ensure better response.