TITLE:
Dental Erosion by Beverages and Determination of Trace Elements in Teeth by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
AUTHORS:
Safaa Sabri Najim, Maiada Abdulla Adnan
KEYWORDS:
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Flame Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, Trace Element Concentrations, Biomarker
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Analytical Chemistry,
Vol.7 No.7,
July
19,
2016
ABSTRACT: The analysis of
trace elements in human tooth for use as biomarkers continues to generate considerable
interest in environmental and bioanalytical studies, medical diagnostic and
forensic science. This study investigated concentrations of essential and
toxic elements (Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Co and Cd) using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
(FAAS) and (Na and K) flame atomic emission spectroscopy (FAES) in human tooth
obtained from Misan province, Iraq. The influence of smoking habits and born
children on the levels of trace elements in additional to dental erosion by
some beverages in the tooth samples were investigated. The overall of mean
concentrations of (Zn 185.2 ppm, Cu 36.11 ppm, Pb 18.63 ppm, Ni 13.44 ppm, Co
3.45 ppm, and Cd 0.58 ppm, Na 11.683 ppm and K 115.27 ppm), (Zn 178.243 ppm, Cu
35.877 ppm, Pb 15.64 ppm, Ni 12.89 ppm, Co 3.421 ppm, Cd 0.455 ppm, Na 11,558.04
ppm and K 114.04 ppm) in smokers and non-smokers tooth groups respectively, (Zn
81.12 ppm, Cu 24.37 ppm, Pb 11.18 ppm, Ni 13.68 ppm, Co 3.32 ppm, Cd 0.44 ppm,
Na 8227 ppm and K 76.42 ppm), (Zn 80.58 ppm, Cu 24.30 ppm, Pb 10.86 ppm, Ni
12.74 ppm, Co 2.71 ppm, Cd 0.23 ppm, Na 8165 ppm and K 72.80 ppm) in mothers
and wives tooth groups respectively. However the w/w% loss of tooth immersed in
following order of beverages (green tea, black tea, cinnamon, hibiscus, vinegar
and citrus aurantifolia (9.09, 9.68, 12.36, 15.01, 16.77 and 17.38), (8.19,
8.25, 9.76, 13.37, 14.02 and 15.33) in smokers and non-smokers groups respectively,
(11.25, 11.47, 13.30, 15.75, 19.58, and 20.91), (8.31, 7.96,
11.39, 13.49, 17.40, and 17.67) in mothers and wives groups respectively.
However, there is a statistically significant variance found Zn (tcal 5.029, ttab 2.131), Pb (tcal 4.8538, ttab 2.131), Ni (tcal 5.243, ttab 2.131), Cd (tcal 3.9062, ttab 2.131) and Na
(tcal 3.0832, ttab 2.131) between smokers
and non-smokers tooth groups. However, the Co (tcal 2.7403, ttab 2.131) also shows statistically significant variance between mothers and wives
groups. There is no statistically significant variance in w/w% loss after
immersed the tooth in some beverages but in general it was higher in smokers
than non-smokers and in mothers higher than wives.