TITLE:
Urinary Retention in Adults Male Patients: Causes and Complications among Patients Managed in a Teaching Hospital in North Western Nigeria
AUTHORS:
Muzzammil Abdullahi, Bashir Yunusa, Sharfuddeen Abbas Mashi, Sani Ali Aji, Sani Usman Alhassan
KEYWORDS:
Urinary Retention, Causes, Complications, Adult Male
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Urology,
Vol.6 No.7,
July
13,
2016
ABSTRACT: Background: Urinary retention is one of the
common urologic emergencies constituting a significant workload of urologists
and non-urologists alike. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to
identify the causes and complications associated with urinary retention in
adult male patients at AKTH, Kano. Patients and Methods: It was a prospective
hospital-based study of 110 consecutive adult male patients who presented to
Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano with urinary retention over 12 months. On
presentation, a brief history was taken and rapid physical examination done;
the urinary retention was relieved by urethral catheterization or suprapubic
cystostomy. A detailed history and thorough physical examination findings were
later obtained. Results: One hundred and ten patients were seen during the
study period. There ages ranged from 17 to100 years with a mean of 56 ± 19.3 SD
years. Patients within the age range 55 - 74 years accounted for the largest
group, (25.5% + 23.6% = 49.1%). The most common cause of urinary retention in
this study was benign prostatic hyperplasia (51.8% of the patients). This was
followed by urethral stricture (20%), cancer of the prostate (7.3%), urethral
injury (7.3%) and bladder tumour (6.4%). More than half of the patients (53.4%)
presented with acute urinary retention, 30.5% presented with chronic urinary
retention, and 16.1% were diagnosed to have acute-on-chronic urinary retention.
The complications of urinary retention found were: urinary tract infection (in
24.5% of patients), renal impairment (14.5%), and anaemia (11.8%). Conclusion:
Urinary retention is commoner among the middle aged and the elderly. Benign
prostatic hyperplasia remains the leading cause of urinary retention. Acute
urinary retention was the commonest type of urinary retention; however,
complications due to the retention were associated with chronic and
acute-on-chronic urinary retention.