TITLE:
Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) amongst Patients Attending Primary Health Centres in Anambra State
AUTHORS:
C. M. Ogbukagu, V. N. Anakwenze, C. C. Ekwealor, C. C. Ezemba, I. A. Ekwealor
KEYWORDS:
Urinary Tract Infection, Antimicrobial Agents, Bacterial Isolates
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Microbiology,
Vol.6 No.7,
June
27,
2016
ABSTRACT: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most
prevalent extra-intestinal bacterial infections. It is a common disease
encountered in medical practice affecting people of all ages, from neonate to geriatric
age group. These infections are on the increase for outpatients attending
Primary Health Centres in Anambra State, Nigeria, therefore the need for this
study. The prevalence rate of urinary tract infection, age distribution and
influence of sex were determined. Susceptibility pattern of the infectious
organisms to antimicrobial agent were examined. Clean-catch midstream urine
samples were collected and examined. Out of 3000 urine samples examined, 528
bacterial isolates were recovered and characterized. These include: Escherichia coli (24.2%), Klebsiella spp. (18.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%), Proteus mirabilis (9.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (9.1%), Citrobacter intermedius (6.1%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (6.1%).
More females (52%) were infected than males (48%) and in both sexes, the
highest incidence was found amongst the age group, 26 - 38 years. Gram negative
rods had the highest incidence in both sexes. Among the towns in Anambra state,
Umunya in southern province was observed to have the highest incidence rate of
UTI. Susceptibility test of the bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents
showed that Staphylococcus aureus was
sensitive to Cephalexin, Penicillin V, Erythromycin and Gentamycin while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to
all the antibiotics. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. were resistant to
all the antibiotics except Gentamycin while Citrobacter
intermedius was resistant only to Cephalexin and Erythromycin. This study
provides the evidence of urinary tract infections amongst outpatients of
primary health centres and the drugs for their control.