TITLE:
Hormonal Contraception and Hypertension at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Patterns
AUTHORS:
Hyacinthe Zamané, Georges Millogo, Charlemagne Marie Ouédraogo, Yobi Alexis Sawadogo, Edmond Nongkouni, Sibraogo Kiemtoré, Sibraogo Kiemtoré, Dantola Paul Kaïn, Yirbar Kambiré, Jean Lankoandé
KEYWORDS:
Hormonal Contraception, Hypertension, Ouagadougou
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.6 No.6,
May
25,
2016
ABSTRACT: Context: The use of hormonal contraceptives could lead to a rise in blood
pressure with an onset of hypertension. The objective of the study was to
describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic patterns of hypertension
occurring in women on hormonal contraception. Patients and Methods: A
retrospective study was carried out over a period of 5 years. It involved
clients on hormonal contraception who developed hypertension during follow-up
at the Family Planning Unit of the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in
Burkina Faso. Results: The global frequency of hypertension in clients on hormonal
contraception was 1.8%; it varied depending on the type of methods of
contraception used; it was 4.2% for clients on oral combined pills, 1% for
implant users and 0.97% for women on injectable. The mean age of patients was
35.6 ± 8.4 years. Sixty-seven patients (84.8%) had mild to moderate
hypertension. The mean time to onset of hypertension was respectively seventeen
(17), thirty six (36) and thirty eight (38) months for patients on OCPs, CIP,
and implants. After the discovery of hypertension, the contraception methods
have been changed in 75.9% of cases, stopped in 5.2% of cases and the same
contraception method was continued in 8.9% of cases. None of the patients who
continued the same contraceptive method had obtained a normalization of blood
pressure. Blood pressure was normalized in 48.6% of patients who have changed
contraceptive methods. The average time of normalization of the blood pressure
varied from three to five months, depending on the method that induces the
hypertension. Conclusion: Hypertension on hormonal contraception is not
uncommon. It is important to assess the risk factors for its occurrence at the
initiation of contraception.