TITLE:
National Breast Cancer Mortality and Incidence Rates According to the Human Development Index: An Ecological Study
AUTHORS:
Salman Khazaei, Shahab Rezaeian, Zaher Khazaei, Leila Molaeipoor, Shahrzad Nematollahi, Parvaneh Lak, Somayeh Khazaei
KEYWORDS:
Breast Cancer, Human Development Index, Incidence, Age-Standardized Incidence and Mortality Rates
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Breast Cancer Research,
Vol.5 No.1,
January
27,
2016
ABSTRACT: Background: This study aimed to identify the role of
human development index (HDI) in the incidence and mortality rates of breast
cancer (BC) worldwide. Methods: Data on the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of BC for 184
countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN. Data about the HDI and other indices
were obtained from the World Bank Report 2013. Linear regression model was used
for assessment the effect of HDI on BC occurrence rates. Results: In 2012, BCs
were estimated to have affected a total of 1,671,149 individuals (crude rate:
47.8 per 100,000 individuals), and caused 521,907 deaths worldwide (crude rate:
14.7 per 100,000 individuals). Nearly half of total female BC cases (46.3%)
with the highest risk of incidence (age-standardized Rate (ASR): 128 per
100,000) had occurred in very high HDI regions. The most proportion of the
mortality burden was in low HDI and medium HDI areas. Linear regression
analyses showed a direct significant correlation between the incidence of BC
and HDI at the global level (B = 104.5, P