TITLE:
Venous Catheterization Experimental Model in Rabbits: Histological Alterations in the Catheter Region
AUTHORS:
Bianca Ribeiro Rodrigues, Gabriela Samaha França, Maria Cecília Ferro, Canabarro Luciana, Willy Marcus França
KEYWORDS:
Experimental Surgery, Central Venous Catheter, Venous Thrombosis, Phlebitis
JOURNAL NAME:
Surgical Science,
Vol.6 No.12,
December
25,
2015
ABSTRACT: Central venous access is one of the most common surgery procedures
worldwide, especially in pediatric surgery. Local and regional complications as
the result of venous catheter permanence time are frequently described as: thrombosis,
infection, edema and local cellulite, movement and loss of the catheter. Other
severe complications such as endocardiac and hemorrhagic lesions are also
described and considered the cause of catheter early removal. In the literature
few studies have addressed vascular and perivascular lesions and complications
as the result of central venous access to peripheral veins, given the
difficulty of setting up venous catheterization experimental models to study
blood vessels and perivascular tissue alterations after catheterization. In the
present venous catheterization experimental model, rabbits were divided into
two groups based on the time that the venous catheters were maintained in their
veins. Group a composed of 7 New Zealand male rabbits was submitted to a 15-day
treatment; and the 6 New Zealand male rabbits of group B were treated during 90
days. Both groups presented similar inflammatory conditions since there was no
significant difference between groups. Therefore, the results may well suggest
that the endothelial inflammatory reaction could have developed at an early
initial short period and by maintaining the catheter, the inflammatory
reactions would have decreased or disappeared. Aimed at studying these vascular
and perivascular alterations in venous catheterization, the present study
proposes an experimental rabbit model that allows the analysis of differences
in local vascular and perivascular histological variations and compares
histological differences between both venous catheterization groups each of
them with different periods of treatment.