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Shapiro, M. A. (1980), Turbulent mixing within tropo- pause folds as a mechanism for the exchange of chemical contituents between the stratosphere and troposphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 994–1004.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Cirrus Clouds and Multiple Tropopause Events over Buenos Aires

  AUTHORS: Susan Gabriela Lakkis, Mario Lavorato, Pablo Osvaldo Canziani, Héctor Lacomi

  KEYWORDS: Multitropopause Events, Cirrus Clouds, Lidar

  JOURNAL NAME: Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Vol.1 No.3, July 21, 2011

  ABSTRACT: Lidar measurements of midlatitude cirrus clouds over Buenos Aires, collected between 2002 and 2003 are compared with multiple tropopauses (MT) retrieved from rawinsonde temperature retrievals. Results derived from the rawinsondes display MT events with an annual cycle which are fewest in March. Comparison with lidar observations shows that cirrus clouds are mostly located closely below the first tro-popause, but when cloud top is above the first tropopause, in 25% of cases, the cloud base is not above it, resulting in a cirrus cloud crossing the inter-tropopause region. Compared with the distribution of the whole population of midlatitude cirrus clouds, cross-tropopause cirrus clouds display a similar geometrical thick-ness as inter-tropopause cirrus clouds.