TITLE:
Estimation of Mycotoxin Multiple Contamination in Mexican Hybrid Seed Maize by HPLC-MS/MS
AUTHORS:
Silvia Denise Peña Betancourt, Benjamín Valladares Carranza, Eduardo Posadas Manzano
KEYWORDS:
Maize Seed, Warehouse, Moulds, Mycotoxins, HPLC, MS/MS
JOURNAL NAME:
Agricultural Sciences,
Vol.6 No.9,
September
29,
2015
ABSTRACT: In Mexico, the presence of mycotoxins in chemical treated seed maize by sowing is not well known, despite the need to improve the quality and corn safe for human consumption. It collected twenty-five genotypes maize samples from Morelos State in the spring of 2013, all of them treated with synthetic colors (pink, green, yellow), fungicides and insecticides. Two samples (synthetic seed and hybrid commercial) were selected for analysis of twenty-two mycotoxins by LC-MS/MS and AFB1 determination by liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The results of the 25 samples showed the presence of Aflatoxin B1 in 25% of samples in a ranged concentration between 2 to 6 μg·kg-1, and average of 4.1-1 μg·kg, which were within the allowed limits by national and international legislation. Twenty-two mycotoxins were found in levels ranging between 791.7 and 891.2 μg·kg. The content average in both samples was for total aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AG2) of 16.95 μg·kg, with G aflatoxins the most prevalence. Twelve trichothecenes (Nivalenol, Neosolanol, Fusarenone X, DAS, HT-2, FB1, FB2, FB3, T-2, Zearalenone, ZEA2, ZEA3) were in a level of 292.7 μg·kg-1, Enniantine 8.6 μg·kg-1, Sterigmatocystin 6.5 μg·kg-1, Roquefortine C, 2.9 μg·kg-1. Ochratoxin 8.8 μg·kg-1 and Mycophenolic acid at 535 μg·kg-1 were the highest content. The synthetic color present in seeds analyzed inhibited a good purification in the extracted mycotoxin by optimizing the step in HPLC-MS/MS quantification system. The information generated in this study would be useful in breeding programs in order to improve the sanitary quality and also to investigate the final contamination of agricultural products with multiple mycotoxin contamination.