TITLE:
Glaciers Amount and Extent Change in the Dolra River Basin in 1911-1960-2014 Years, Caucasus Mountains, Georgia, Observed with Old Topographical Maps and Landsat Satellite Imagery
AUTHORS:
Levan G. Tielidze, Nino Chikhradze, David Svanadze
KEYWORDS:
Glaciers Dynamic, Remote Sensing, Glaciers of Georgia-Caucasus Mountains, Kvishi, Dolra and Ushba Glaciers, Climate Change in Georgia
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Climate Change,
Vol.4 No.3,
May
18,
2015
ABSTRACT: The article presents the changes in the
number and area of the Dolra River basin glaciers during the last century in
connection with the climate elements. Dolra River basin is located in the
south-ern slope of the Central Caucasus, in the territory of Zemo Svaneti and
joins the Enguri River basin, which in its turn is the main center of the
contemporary glaciation in Georgia. During the study, we used the 1:42,000
scale topographic maps of the 19th century, which were drawn up during the
first topographic survey by using the plane-table surveying method. Also, we
used the catalog of the glaciers of the southern slope of the Caucasus compiled
on the basis of the 19th century maps in 1911 by a well-known researcher of the
Caucasus K. Podozerskiy. In order to identify the area and number of the
glaciers of the 60s of the 20th century, we used the work of R.
Gobejishvili—the Georgian glaciologist of the 20th-21st centuries, composed on
the basis of 1:50,000 scale topo-graphic maps of 1960. The data of 2014 have
been obtained by the Landsat aerial images of L8 OLI/TIRS (Operational Land
Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor) taken in August 2014. In the mentioned
study, except of the old topographic maps and aerial images, we used the
climate in-formation that we have collected from Mestia weather stations
(Mestia is the regional center of Zemo Svaneti, where the only operating
weather station is located at present). Along with the dy-namics of glaciers,
the course of the air temperature and atmospheric precipitation has been
iden-tified in the 20th century and in the beginning of the 21st century.