TITLE:
Influences of Levels of Processing, Misleading Intensity and Warnings on Memory Suggestibility
AUTHORS:
Xiao-Jun Cao, Shen Tu, Xu Chen
KEYWORDS:
Memory Suggestibility, Levels of Processing, Warnings, Automatic Processing, Intentional Processing
JOURNAL NAME:
Psychology,
Vol.6 No.6,
May
8,
2015
ABSTRACT: The influences of levels of processing at
the encoding phase, misleading intensity at the misleading phase and warning at
the retrieval phase on memory suggestibility were explored through the delayed
retrieval errors paradigm, and the contributions of dynamic automatic
processing and intentional processing to generation of memory suggestibility
were deeply assessed through the Remember/Know/Guess paradigm. The results
showed that levels of processing were an important influencing factor for
memory suggestibility. The intentional processing at the encoding phase
benefited the generation of memory suggestibility more than the automatic
processing. The misleading intensity had a significant effect, where the misled-generate
items were recalled at a higher level with a longer response time than the
misled-read items. In addition, the warning in-creased both the memory
suggestibility of misleading pictures and the memory accuracy of non-misleading
pictures. This memory suggestibility was jointly caused by the automatic
pro-cessing and intentional processing, but mainly intentional processing, and
the warning increased the probability of intentional processing during the
generation of memory suggestibility.