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ICRU Report 21 (1974) Radiation Dosimetry: Electrons with Initial Energies between 1 and 50 MeV. Quantities and Units. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, Washington D.C.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Ionization Chamber Dosimetry for Conventional and Laser-Driven Clinical Hadron Beams

  AUTHORS: F. Scarlat, A. Scarisoreanu, E. Badita, C. Vancea, I. I. Calina, Fl. Scarlat, N. Verga

  KEYWORDS: Absorbed Dose to Water, Ionization Chamber, Hadron Therapy, Hadron Dosimetry, Expand Uncertainty

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, Vol.3 No.4, April 9, 2015

  ABSTRACT: The practice of using the direct ionization radiation (electrons, protons, antiprotons, pions, ions, etc) or of the indirect ionization radiation (photons, neutrons, etc) in economy and social life has led to the introduction of the absorbed dose magnitude (ICRU 1953) defined as the energy absorbed per mass unit of the irradiated substance. This is a fundamental magnitude valid for any type of ionizing radiation, any irradiated material and any radiation energy. In case of clinical hadron beams generated by conventional accelerators or those controlled by lasers, IAEA TRS 398 recommends the absorbed dose to water. This may be determined employing the calorimeter method with water or graphite, chemical method, fluence based measurements as Faraday cups or activation measurements, and the ionization chamber method. In this paper the selected method was the thimble air filled ionization chamber method for determination of absorbed dose to water.