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Nakayama, Y., Machida, S., Miyazaki, Y., Nishi, T., Noguchi, Y. and Ishii, H. (2012) Electronic Structures at Organic Heterojunctions of N,N’-Bis(1-Naphthyl)-N,N’-Diphenyl-1,1’-Biphenyl-4,4’-Diamin (NPB)-Based Organic Light Emitting Diodes. Organic Electronics, 13, 2850.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2012.08.033

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Carrier Dynamics of p-n Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Cells Analyzed by a Novel Graphic Representation of Impedance Spectroscopy

  AUTHORS: Ryoji Maeda, Hiroshi Tokairin, Hidetsugu Ikeda, Jun-Ichi Takahashi, Yuji Yoshida

  KEYWORDS: Organic Photovoltaic Cells, Impedance Spectroscopy, Modulus Analysis

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry, Vol.5 No.1, January 2, 2015

  ABSTRACT: The carrier dynamics in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells were investigated by impedance spectroscopy. We introduced a novel impedance spectrum representation called dynamic modulus plot (DMP), which allowed us to observe the layer-to-layer carrier injection behavior graphically. In this work, the impedance responses were characterized in the N,N’-diphenyl-N,N’-di-m-tolyl- 4,4’-diaminobiphenyl (TPD)/C60 p-n heterostructured OPV cells against applied voltages. The dependence of impedance responses on the layer thickness revealed a constant internal electric field that disturbed the carrier transport within the OPV cells. We applied this technique to new donor materials, in which thiophene units were inserted to the center of TPD. By increasing the number of thiophene units in TPD the fill-factor (FF) improved from 33% to 59%, which increased the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Based on the DMP analysis, we assigned the improvement in device performance to the reduction of the internal electric field.