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Weiss, J.D. (1999) Optical State-of-Charge Monitor for Batteries. US Patent US5949219, United States Department of Energy, Washington DC, 19 pp.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Potentiometric Measurement of State-of-Charge of Lead-Acid Batteries Using Polymeric Ferrocene and Quinones Derivatives

  AUTHORS: Touma B. Issa, Pritam Singh, Murray V. Baker, Todd Lee

  KEYWORDS: Surface Modified Electrodes, Ferrocene, Quinone, State-of-Charge, Lead-Acid Battery

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation, Vol.4 No.4, December 11, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Measurement of state-of-charge of lead-acid batteries using potentiometric sensors would be convenient; however, most of the electrochemical couples are either soluble or are unstable in the battery electrolyte. This paper describes the results of an investigation of poly (divinylferrocene) (PDVF) and Poly(diethynylanthraquinone) (PAQ) couples in sulfuric acid with the view to developing a potentiometric sensor for lead-acid batteries. These compounds were both found to be quite stable and undergo reversible reduction/oxidation in sulfuric acid media. Their redox potential difference varied linearly with sulfuric acid concentration in the range of 1 M - 5 M (i.e. simulated lead-acid electrolyte during battery charge/discharge cycles). A sensor based on these compounds has been investigated.