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Kelman, H. C. (2001). Reflections on the Social and Psychological Processes of Legitimization and Delegitimization. In J. T. Jost, & B. Major (Eds.), The Psychology of Legitimacy: Emerging Perspectives on Ideology, Justice, and Intergroup Relations (pp. 54-73). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Victims’ Dehumanization and the Alteration of Other-Oriented Empathy within the Immersive Video Milgram Obedience Experiment

  AUTHORS: Michaël Dambrun, Johan Lepage, Stéphanie Fayolle

  KEYWORDS: Dehumanization, Empathy, IVMOE, Torture, Crime of Obedience

  JOURNAL NAME: Psychology, Vol.5 No.17, November 24, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Using the Immersive Video Milgram Obedience Experiment (IVMOE; Dambrun & Vatiné, 2010), we studied victims’ dehumanization and its underlying processes. Under the supervision of the national service of security, participants were ordered to psychologically weaken a person suspected of preparing an attack. We manipulated the ethnicity of the victim and his terrorist membership. The doubly stigmatized victim (i.e. a North African victim member of al Qaeda) was tortured more severely than the other victims. We found some evidence that this effect was mediated by a decrease in term of other-oriented empathy, but not by personal distress. These results suggest that an empathy alteration process underlies dehumanization in crimes of obedience perpetrated against members of extreme out-groups.