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Guzman, J., Boswell-Koller, C.N., Beeman, J.W., Bustillo, K.C., Conry, T., Dubón, O.D., Hansen, W.L., Levander, A. X., Liao, C.Y., Lieten, R.R., Sawyer, C.A., Sherburne, M.P., Shin, S.J., Stone, P.R., Watanabe, M., Yu, K.M., Ager III, J.W., Chrzan, D.C. and Haller, E.E. (2011) Reversible Phase Changes in Ge-Au Nanoparticles. Applied Physics Letters, 98, Article ID: 193101.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3584850

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Au Nanoparticle Formation from Amorphous Au/Si Multilayer

  AUTHORS: Masami Aono, Takashi Ueda, Hiroshi Abe, Shintaro Kobayashi, Katsuhiko Inaba

  KEYWORDS: Amorphous Au/Si Multilayer, Au Nanoparticle, Low Eutectic Point, Metal Induced Crystallization, Irreversible Morphological Transformation, Reversible l-AuSi-c-Au Nanoparticle Phase Transition

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology, Vol.4 No.4, October 10, 2014

  ABSTRACT: By direct observations of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), irreversible morphological transformations of as-deposited amorphous Au/Si multilayer (a-Au/a-Si) were observed on heating. The well arrayed sequence of the multilayer changed to zigzag layered structure at 478 K (=Tzig). Finally, the zigzag structure transformed to Au nanoparticles at 508 K. The distribution of the Au nanoparticles was random within the thin film. In situ X-ray diffraction during heating can clarify partial crystallization Si (c-Si) in the multilayer at 450 K (= ), which corresponds to metal induced crystallization (MIC) from amorphous Si (a-Si) accompanying by Au diffusion. On further heating, a-Au started to crystallize at around 480 K (=Tc) and gradually grew up to 3.2 nm in radius, although the volume of c-Si was almost constant. Continuous heating caused crystal Au (c-Au) melting into liquid AuSi (l-AuSi) at 600 K (= ), which was lower than bulk eutectic temperature ( ). Due to the AuSi eutectic effect, reversible phase transition between liquid and solid occurred once temperature is larger than . Proportionally to the maximum temperatures at each cycles (673, 873 and 1073 K), both and Au crystallization temperature approaches to . Using a thermodynamic theory of the nanoparticle formation in the eutectic system, the relationship between and the nanoparticle size is explained.