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[39] J. L. Staudinger, B. Goodwin, S. A. Jones, D. Hawkins-Brown, K. I. MacKenzie, A. LaTour, Y. Liu, C. D. Klaassen, K. K. Brown, J. Reinhard, T. M. Willson, B. H. Koller and S. A. Kliewer, “The Nuclear Receptor PXR is a Lithocholic Acid Sensor That Protects against Liver Toxicity,” Processings of the National Academy Sciences, Vol. 98, 2001, pp. 3369-3374. doi:10.1073/pnas.051551698

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Microcantilever-based Nanomechanical Studies of the Orphan Nuclear Receptor Pregnane X Receptor-Ligand Interactions

  AUTHORS: Kasey L. Hill, Pampa Dutta, Zhou Long, Michael J. Sepaniak

  KEYWORDS: Microcantilevers; Nanobiosensing; Pregnane X receptor; Estrogen receptor; Endocrine disrupting chemicals; Bioarray

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology, Vol.2 No.2, February 15, 2011

  ABSTRACT: Human pregnane X receptor (PXR) is of vital importance in pharmaceutical and exogenous compound metabolism within the body. This provides strong motivation for investigating this orphan receptor’s activation by various pharmaceuticals, xenobiotics, and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). A nanomechanical transducer is developed to study xenobiotic and EDC interactions with the bioreceptor PXR’s ligand binding domain (LBD). The combination of immobilized LBD PXR with a nanostructured microcantilever (MC) platform allows for the sensitive, label-free study of ligand interaction with the receptor. PXR shows real-time, reversible responses when exposed to a specific pharmaceutical, EDCs, and xenobiotic ligands. Three EDCs binding interactions are tested, which include phthalic acid, nonylphenol, and bisphenol A, with PXR. PXR LBD was exposed to rifampicin, a potent PXR activator, with various injection and recovery times to study their interaction. A two protein array of PXR and estrogen receptor ? (ER-?) directly compares the nanomechanical responses of these receptors with rifampicin on a single platform.