TITLE:
The Periodic Table of Elementary Particles Based on String Theory
AUTHORS:
Ding-Yu Chung
KEYWORDS:
The Periodic Table of Elementary Particles, String Theory, Higgs Boson, Lepton, Quark, Gauge Boson
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Modern Physics,
Vol.5 No.14,
August
22,
2014
ABSTRACT: In this
paper, all elementary particles (leptons, quarks, gauge bosons, and the Higgs
boson) can be placed in the periodic table of elementary particles based on
string theory with oscillating spacetime dimension number, instead of
conventional string theory with fixed space-time dimension number. Dimension
number oscillates between 11D and 10D and between 10D and 4D reversibly. The
oscillation of space-time dimension number (D) is accompanied by mass dimension
number (d) to represent mass. Space-time dimension number decreases with
increasing mass dimension number, decreasing speed of light and increasing rest
mass. 4D particle originally is 4D10d particle, and has the lowest speed of
light and the highest rest mass. With the same energy, the relation between
adjacent mass dimensions is Md-1=Mdαd2, where M is rest mass, d is mass dimension
number, and α is the fine structure
constant. According to the proposed cosmology, the non-gravitational 4D10d
particles were sliced into 4D4d core particles surrounded by 6 separated mass
dimensions as the 6 dimensional orbitals constituting the non-gravitational
forces (electromagnetism, strong, and weak). The combination of the 6
dimensional orbitals and the gravitational 4D10d particle resulted in the 7
dimensional orbitals. As the periodic table of elements based on the atomic
orbitals, the periodic table of elementary particles is based on the
combination of the two asymmetrical sets of the 7 dimensional orbitals. One set
as the principal dimensional orbitals is mainly for leptons and gauge bosons,
and another set as the auxiliary orbitals is mainly for individual quarks. The
calculated constituent masses of leptons, quarks, gauge bosons, and the Higgs
boson are in good agreement with the observed values. For examples, the
calculated mass of top quark is 176.5 GeV in good agreement with the observed
173.34 GeV, and the calculated average mass of the Higgs boson is 128.8 GeV in
good agreements with the observed 125 or 126 GeV.