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J. Somani, S. Lonial, H. Rosenthal, S. Resnick, I. Kakhniashvili, and E. K. Waller, “A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of subcutaneous administration of GM-CSF as a vaccine adjuvant: effect on cellular and humoral immune responses,” Vaccine, Vol. 21, No. 3-4, Dec 13 2002, pp. 221-30. doi:10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00463-2

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

  AUTHORS: Wei Wang, Manmohan Singh

  KEYWORDS: Adjuvant, Alum, Aluminum Salts, Immune Response

  JOURNAL NAME: World Journal of Vaccines, Vol.1 No.2, May 12, 2011

  ABSTRACT: The advent of mass vaccination has saved millions of human lives and revolutionized the quality of life. Vaccination is currently one of the most cost effective ways of managing healthcare costs in both emerging and developed countries. Despite the long vaccine history and success, design and development of efficacious and safe vaccines has been tradi-tionally semi-empirical. This is mainly due to our limited understanding of vaccination mechanism and its influencing factors. The most important factor is arguably the type and concentration of vaccine adjuvants. Until recently, however, only one type of adjuvant – aluminum salts, had been widely used within licensed human vaccines in the US, even though a variety of novel adjuvants have been evaluated in the past few decades. This review summarizes the key adju-vants that have been evaluated in recent years with an intention to facilitate more efficient development of vaccine products to combat human diseases.