TITLE:
Free Residual Chlorine Calibration by WaterCAD at El-Nozha Water Network in Alexandria Governorate, Egypt
AUTHORS:
Diaa Hamdy, Medhat A. E. Moustafa, Walid Elbakri
KEYWORDS:
Water Distribution System, Residual Chlorine Concentration (RCC), WaterCAD, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Geographic Information System (GIS), Water Treatment Plant (WTP)
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Environmental Protection,
Vol.5 No.10,
July
25,
2014
ABSTRACT: Most of developing countries suffer from decreasing
and poor quality of drinking water which led to emergence of many dangerous
diseases. In addition, there isn’t any methodology followed to predict and
disinfect drinking water by using advanced software program. Maintaining water
quality in the water distribution system has become a prominent issue in the
study of the water network. Residual chlorine concentration is the indicator to
ensure the quality of water in the water network because it eliminates contaminants
in the distribution network beginning of the treatment plant down to the
consumer. In collaboration with Alexandria (Egypt) Water Company, samples were
taken from El-NOZHA water plant station and El-HADARA water distribution
network to know the free residual chlorine. In this paper, WaterCAD software
has been used to make hydraulic analysis and calibration of residual chlorine
in water distribution network to know the ideal chlorine dose that should be
added at the water treatment plant and to know the areas of strength and
weakness in the concentration of free residual chlorine in the water
distribution network. In addition different scenarios have been found to know
the free residual chlorine at the weakness areas after injecting chlorine in
some junctions and the impact of a fire case or breaking in the water pipe
distribution network on the residual chlorine. Results showed ensuring in the
water quality in the distribution network by adding chlorine dose in water less
than the existing dose which has been added in the El-NOZHA water treatment
plant. It is possible to maintain the percentage of free residual chlorine
concentration at different locations without relying on adding chlorine only in
water treatment plant by injecting low percentage of chlorine dose in the
junctions.