TITLE:
Anatomy and Histochemistry of Araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.) on Three Annonaceae Rootstocks
AUTHORS:
Luís Felipe Paes de Almeida, Sueli Maria Gomes, Rébla Gonçalves Vasconcelos, Osvaldo Kiyoshi Yamanishi, Cristina Miranda de Alencar
KEYWORDS:
Phenolic Compounds, Incompatibility, Annona sp.
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.5 No.15,
July
24,
2014
ABSTRACT: The cultivation
knowledge about the Cerrado native fruits is incipient. These plants are found
in wild conditions and its fruits are obtained through extraction, as the case
of araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.), which is a species with the great economic potential. This plant
propagation by grafting, among other methods, has proved problematic. Possible
incompatibility causes were investigated using histochemical and anatomical
studies. Transverse and longitudinal stems sections were analyzed in the
araticum grafting area on rootstocks of araticum-de-terra-fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer “Terra-fria”),
biribá (Annona mucosa (Jacq.) Baill), and soursop (Annona muricata L.).
Araticum graft survival rate was low with these rootstocks, which seems to be
associated with anatomical and histochemical factors. The periderm and pith are
more developed in araticum than in the other plants, which affects the
alignment and juxtaposition of the cambium and vascular bundles in the graft
area, hindering a successful graft. The histochemical reactions for phenolic
compounds detection were very strong in cortical parenchyma, pith and xylem
fibers of araticum (A. crassiflora).
The presence of phenolic compounds is increased depending on the cut for
grafting and the formation of these compounds is evidenced as an important
limiting factor for successful grafting. It is recommended practices for
reducing these compounds and a larger diameter of the graft, as a mean to
overcome these anatomical difficulties.