TITLE:
Estimation of Potential GHG Emission Reduction through Corresponded REDD Plus Activities in Remote Area in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia—Case Study in the Paduran Area
AUTHORS:
Motoshi Hiratsuka, Seiji Iwanaga, Hayato Tsuzuki, Hirohumi Yaginuma
KEYWORDS:
GHG Emission Reduction, REDD Plus, Alternative Livelihood
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Forestry,
Vol.4 No.4,
July
11,
2014
ABSTRACT: REDD plus activities corresponded in Central Kalimantan Province,
Indonesia and their GHG emission reductions
potential were analyzed. Target area is located in a remote area from Pa-langkaraya,
Capital of Central Kalimantan Province and consisted of immigrating people
mainly from Java Island. In the target area, most of local people conducted
unsustainable land use activities (e.g. slash-and-burn agriculture). From
analysis of past land use in the target area, there were drastic changes in
land use from 1989 after migration began. Natural secondary forest with high
density was greatly reduced (2010 levels are approximately 80% of 1996 levels)
and converted to cropland and settlement. Also, the reduction in natural
secondary forest with high density allowed Melaleuca
cajuputi Powell forest to rapidly increase in size (2010 levels are
approximately 3.7 times as 1996 levels). Additionally, as marked point, there
was an increase in oil palm plantations from 2008 and onwards. From results of
land use change in the past, mean annual GHG emissions of 5450 Gg CO2e
year-1 had been continued until year 2010. To consider
counter-measure for reducing GHG emissions in the target area, the relationship
between past land use changes and human activities was analyzed through
workshops with stakeholders of 6 different groups (village authorities, forest
fire fighting team, members of farmers group, large landowners, workers outside
of village and oil palm plantation and mother having small children). The
results of the workshops showed that the core problem of unsustainable land use
faced by 4 of the 6 groups of stakeholders was the lack of job opportunities
(means to earn a living) in the target area. Also, it was learned that core
groups considered oil palm plantations is to alleviate the problem and provide
a source of alternative income. Furthermore, the workshops indicated that
future land use scenario (reference scenario) will be based on income from oil
palm plantations and, to prevent such land conversion, counter-measures (REDD
plus project scenario) of indirect activities of local people’s lifestyle
improvement (e.g. A new forestry system which uses abundant resources of M. cajuputi forest) and reducing
pressures on forest resources should be introduced. This study indicated, by
implementing REDD plus project in the target area, potential reduction in GHG
emissions is quite large and such GHG reduction will be essential as mitigation
activities under the new mitigation mechanism, the Joint Crediting Mechanism
(JCM) between Indonesia and Japan.