TITLE:
Agro-Ecological Adaptation and Participatory Evaluation of Multipurpose Tree and Shrub Legumes in Mid Altitudes of Sud-Kivu, D. R. Congo
AUTHORS:
M. M. D. Katunga, B. J. B. Muhigwa, K. J. C. Kashala, M. Kambuyi, N. Nyongombe, B. L. Maass, M. Peters
KEYWORDS:
Multipurpose Trees and Shrubs, Forage Legumes, Adaptation, Participatory Evaluation, Biomass Production
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.5 No.13,
June
26,
2014
ABSTRACT: Livestock is traditionally
managed in mixed crop-livestock production systems in Sud-Kivu, D. R. Congo.
Currently, livestock production is facing numerous constraints due to wars and
insecurity in the country, with looting of animals, demographic pressure on
natural resources, and lack of extension services. Multipurpose trees and
shrubs with adequate forage quality could help overcome dry-season feed
shortage. The objective of this research was to assess the agro-ecological
adaptability of selected forage tree and shrub legumes combined with farmer
participatory evaluation. The study was carried out at two distinct mid-altitude
sites in Sud-Kivu. Trees and shrubs were planted randomly in eleven lines, with
each species/accession consisting of nine plants split into three replications.
Following a standardization cut after one year of growth, regular biomass
harvests were performed every eight weeks during one year; Desmodium and Flemingia were
cut at 0.5 m above soil surface, while Leucaena and Calliandra at 1 m. Before
every harvest, plant height was measured and number of stems counted. Fresh
leaf and stem biomass were weighted, sub samples dried and leaves analyzed for
nutritive value. Results from agronomic evaluation show that Leucaena diversifolia ILRI 15551 and Leucaena leucocephala had the highest
yield in the rainy season on fertile soil; during dry season, Leucaena diversifolia ILRI 15551 was
superior. On poor soil, Flemingia macrophylla CIAT 17403 performed best in both seasons, however, its forage quality was
relatively low. Forage tree and shrub legumes chosen by farmers were, in
general, the same as those superior ones in agronomic evaluation.