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Packard, C.J., O’Reilly, D.S., Caslake M.J., McMahon, A.D., Ford, I., Cooney, J., Macphee, C.H., Suckling, K.E., Krishna, M., Wilkinson, F., Rumley, A. and Lowe, G.D.O. (2000) Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 as an Independent Predictor of Coronary Heart Disease. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. The New England Journal of Medicine, 343, 1148-1155.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200010193431603

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: The Role of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Lipoprotein Associated Phospholipase A2 in Children and Adolescents with Dyslipidemia

  AUTHORS: Eleni Klinaki, Alexandra Soldatou, Antonios Marmarinos, Athanasia Pagoni, Charalampos Tsentidis, Dimitrios Gourgiotis, Anastasia Garoufi

  KEYWORDS: Atherosclerosis, LDL-C, ADMA, Lp-PLA2, Childhood

  JOURNAL NAME: Health, Vol.6 No.12, June 23, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Background: The pathophysiologic mechanisms which lead to cardiovascular (CV) events begin early in childhood. Atherosclerosis is recognized as a process of chronic and dynamic vascular inflammation induced primarily by endothelial dysfunction. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) are considered markers of early atherosclerosis and predictors of late complications in adults. Objectives: To establish the relationship between ADMA, Lp-PLA2 and traditional biochemically determined markers in children and adolescents with dyslipidemia. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 102 children, 57 males/45 females, with a median age of 9.9 years. Seventy-one out of 102 had dyslipidemia (LDL-C levels ≥ 130 mg/dl). Lipid levels were estimated after an overnight fasting. LDL-C concentration was directly measured. ADMA and Lp-PLA2 levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed using STATA for Windows v8.5. Results: ADMA was significantly positively correlated with all TC, LDL-C and non-HDL-C. Even small changes of the ADMA concentration were found to be followed by corresponding alterations in lipid levels. A positive correlation of borderline significance between Lp-PLA2 and LDL-C or non- HDL-C was observed. In addition, ADMA and Lp-PLA2 were significantly correlated. A strong correlation between Lp-PLA2 and dyslipidemia or lipid levels could not be established, probably due to the size and heterogeneity of our sample. Conclusions: A relationship of ADMA and Lp-PLA2 levels with biochemical markers associated with long-term risk of atherosclerosis in children and adolescents is supported. The assessment of these two biomarkers combined may improve CV risk prediction and future management strategies in the pediatric population.