TITLE:
Macronutrients Effect on Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis of Moroccan Cork Oak (Quercus suber L.)
AUTHORS:
Naouar Ben Ali, Ahmed Lamarti
KEYWORDS:
Quercus suber L., Somatic Embryogenesis, Secondary Embryos, Mamora, Morocco
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.5 No.13,
June
6,
2014
ABSTRACT: To define the
preliminary embryogenesis culture conditions of Moroccan Cork Oak (Quercus suber L.) in secondary
propagation systems, secondary embryos formation from primary embryos were
analyzed using seven macronutrient medias: (Chalupa) (BTM), Murashige and Skoog
(MS), Schenk and Hildebrant (SH), Schenk and Hildebrant with half content
macronutrients (SH ?), full Gamborg (G), Margara (N30K) and Woody
Plant Media(WPM). Mature primary embryos at cotyledonal stage of 8 - 10
mm, were placed in each culture medium, and supplemented with 30 g/l of glucose
and 7 g/l of agar without PGR. The experimental design consisted of a Petri
dish containing three embryos explants. Each one of the seven treatments was
composed of ten Petri dishes. Mean number of secondary somatic embryos,
clusters and new embryogenic formation on clusters were recorded after 8 weeks,
and evaluated by statistical analysis. There were no significant differences (p
≤ 0.05) in clusters and new embryos on clusters formation among evaluated
media; but mean number of secondary embryos was significantly higher in N30K
(4.37 ± 0.48) compared with control media (1.37 ± 0.15). The morphology of
secondary embryos grown in the N30K medium exclusively showed the
presence of three embryogenic stages: early cotyledonal with translucide aspect,
white opaque, or green, and mature embryos. These results indicate that the
medium do influence the morphogenic characteristics of produced embryos. Our
finding revealed that secondary somatic embryos produced in N30K
medium presented better morphogenic potential, with different stages of
embryogenic formation.