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Yurkov, V., Stackebrandt, E., Holmes, A., Fuerst, J.A., Hugenholtz, P., Golecki, J., Gad’on, N., Gorlenko, V.M., Kompantseva, E.I. and Drews, G. (1994) Phylogenetic Positions of Novel Aerobic, Bacteriochlorophyll α-Containing Bacteria and Description of Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., Erythromicrobium ramosum gen. nov., sp. nov., and Erythrobacter litoralis sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 44, 427-434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00207713-44-3-427

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• TITLE: Abundance and Diversity of the Phototrophic Microbial Mat Communities of Sulphur Mountain Banff Springs and Their Significance to the Endangered Snail, Physella johnsoni

  AUTHORS: Michael Bilyj, Dwayne Lepitzki, Elizabeth Hughes, Jolantha Swiderski, Erko Stackebrandt, Charlie Pacas, Vladimir V. Yurkov

  KEYWORDS: Physella johnsoni, Cyanobacterial Mats, Thermal Springs Banff, Canada, Phototrophic Bacteria

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Ecology, Vol.4 No.8, May 30, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Seasonal population fluctuations and diversity of anoxygenic phototrophs and cyanobacteria at the Sulphur Mountain thermal springs, Banff, Canada were investigated and compared to drastic population changes of the endangered snail Physella johnsoni. The microbial community revealed new species of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria with novel spectral and morphological characteristics. Major mat-forming organisms included densely growing Thiothrix-like species, oxygenic phototrophs of the genera Spirulina, Oscillatoria, and Phormidium and purple nonsulfur bacteria Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodomicrobium. Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs comprised a significant portion, upwards of 9.6 × 104 CFU/cm2 of mat or 18.9% of total aerobic heterotrophic isolates, while PNSB and purple sulfur bacteria were quantified at maximum abundance of 3.2 × 105 and 2.0 × 106 CFU/cm2 of mat, respectively. Photosynthetic activity revealed incredibly productive carbon fixation rates, averaging 40.5 mg C/cm2/day at one studied spring system. A temporal mismatch was observed for mat area and available organics to the fluctuation of P. johnsoni population in a tracking inertia manner. Mat chlorophyll a content appeared directly proportional to snail numbers making it an appropriate indicator of population. This survey of the Sulphur springs microbial communities suggests that phototrophic species are among the main determinants to the proliferation of P. johnsoni.