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Pershina, V., Trubert, D., Naour, C.L. and Kratz, J.V. (2002) Theoretical Predictions of Hydrolysis and Complex Formation of Group-4 Elements Zr, Hf and Rf in HF and HCl Solutions. Radiochim Acta, 90, 869-877.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/ract.2002.90.12_2002.869

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Binary Mixture of Tri-Octyl Amine and Cyanex 923 as Extractant for the Extraction of Zr (IV) from Acidic Chloride Medium

  AUTHORS: Bhikari Charan Bhatta, Sujata Mishra

  KEYWORDS: Zirconium, Solvent Extraction, Hydrochloric Acid, TOA, Cyanex 923, Kerosene

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Nonferrous Metallurgy, Vol.3 No.2, April 4, 2014

  ABSTRACT: The extraction of zirconium (IV) from aqueous HCl solution by binary mixture TOA and Cyanex 923 using kerosene as diluent was studied. The effect of parameters like aqueous phase acid concentration, extractant concentration, chloride ion concentration, diverse ion effect, metal loading, nature of diluents and temperature on the extraction of Zr (IV) was investigated. The percentage of extraction of Zr(IV) became 100% with 0.1 M TOA and 0.01 M Cyanex 923 from 7 M HCl and also from 4 M HCl with 0.1 M TOA and 0.02 M Cyanex 923. Benzene was found to be effective diluent for the extraction of Zr(IV) with binary mixture of TOA and Cyanex 923. The positive enthalpy change and positive entropy change in the binary extraction system show endothermic process with increase in randomness. Stripping of Zr (IV) from the loaded organic phase containing mixture of TOA (0.1 M) and Cyanex 923 (0.01 M) indicated that HNO3 and Na2CO3 are the best stripping agents.