TITLE:
Pain on Injection of Propofol: Efficacy of Paracetamol and Lidocaine
AUTHORS:
H. Khouadja, H. Arnous, K. Tarmiz, D. Beletaifa, A. Brahim, W. Brahem, J. Sakhri, K. Ben Jazia
KEYWORDS:
Propofol, Injection, Pain, Paracetamol, Lidocaine, Anaesthesia
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Anesthesiology,
Vol.4 No.4,
April
2,
2014
ABSTRACT: Background and Objectives: Propofol remains the most
common drug for induction of general anaesthesia, although it causes
considerable pain on injection. None of the commonly used methods completely
attenuate this discomfort. We aimed to investigate the effect of i.v.
paracetamol pretreatment on the propofol injection pain. Materials and Methods:
A prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted on 180 patients, ASA
I or II status, scheduled to undergo elective surgery. They were randomly
assigned to one of the three groups of 60 each. Groups I, II, III were
pretreated with 40 mg of lidocaine in saline, 100 mg of paracetamol and 10 ml
of saline, respectively. All patients had an 18-gauge catheter inserted into a
superficial radial vein. After 2 min of venous occlusion, one-fourth of the
total propofol dose was injected into the vein over a period of 20 seconds.
During the injection of both pretreatment solution and propofol, a blinded researcher
assessed the patient’s pain level using a four-point verbal rating scale (VRS)
(none = 0, mild = 1, moderate = 2, and severe = 3). X2 test and
Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for the statistical analysis. For all analyses, differences
were considered to be significant at P