TITLE:
On the Heisenberg and Schrödinger Pictures
AUTHORS:
Shigeji Fujita, James MacNabb III, Akira Suzuki
KEYWORDS:
Heisenberg and Schrödingier Pictures; Many-Particle Systems; Indistinguishability; Second Quantization; Pauli’s Exclusion Principle
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Modern Physics,
Vol.5 No.5,
March
24,
2014
ABSTRACT: A quantum
theory for a one-electron system can be developed in either Heisenberg picture
or Schrodinger picture. For a many-electron system, a theory must be developed
in the Heisenberg picture, and the indistinguishability and Pauli’s exclusion
principle must be incorporated. The hydrogen atom energy levels are obtained by
solving the Schrodinger energy eigenvalue equation, which is the most significant
result obtained in the Schrodinger picture. Both boson and fermion field
equations are nonlinear in the presence of a pair interaction.