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Andelman, M.D. (2004) Charge Barrier Flow through Capacitor. US6709560.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Ionic Group Derivitized Nano Porous Carbon Electrodes for Capacitive Deionization

  AUTHORS: Marc Andelman

  KEYWORDS: Capacitive Deionization; Flow Through Capacitor; Polarized Electrode; Nanoporous Carbon; Derivitized Carbon Electrodes; Deionization; Desalination; Water Purification; Ionic Groups

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Vol.2 No.3, March 18, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Capacitance for electrostatic adsorption forms primarily within a Debye length of the electrode surface. Capacitive carbon electrodes were derivatized with ionic groups by means of adsorbing a surfactant in order to test the theory that attached ionic groups would exclude co-ions and increase coulombic efficiency without the need for an added charge barrier membrane. It has been discovered that capacitive electrodes surface derivatized with ionic groups become polarized and intrinsically more coulombically efficient.