TITLE:
Anti-Oxidant Status of Male Adults with and without Prostate Cancer in Ibadan, Nigeria
AUTHORS:
Mercy E. Sosanya, Grace T. Fadupin, Tola Atinmo, Olayiwola B. Shittu
KEYWORDS:
Lycopene; Retinol; Beta-Carotene; Male Adults; Prostate Cancer; Ibadan
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.5 No.6,
March
11,
2014
ABSTRACT:
Background: Recent studies show increasing prostate
cancer incidence in Nigeria. Significant correlations identified between
diet and prostate cancer occurrence, indicate that low antioxidant status could
contribute to the aetiology of prostate cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional
study determined selected antioxidants (lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol)
status of 10 (Experimental group) and 17 (Control) male adults with and without
PC, recruited from the Urological Section of the Surgical Out-patients’
Department, University College Hospital and the General Out-patient Clinic of
the Ring Road State Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Demographic
characteristics were assessed using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered
questionnaire. Daily antioxidant intakes were assessed and analyzed using
24-hour dietary recall, and an adapted version of the food database “Total Diet
Assessment”. Serum lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol were determined using
High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: The mean age of the PC and the
control (72.8 ± 6.2 years and 59.8 ± 4.8 years) was significantly different (p =
0.001). Mean daily lycopene intake (1408.4 ± 233.2 μg) of the PC was
significantly lower (P = 0.030) than the controls
(3862.3±316.2μg). The mean serum lycopene (19.8 ± 13.2 ng/ml), beta-carotene
(43.6 ± 26.0 ng/ml) and retinol (362.2 ± 304.3ng/ml) of the PC were
significantly lower (p = 0.008, 0.040 and 0.033 respectively) than the values
(70.8 ± 49.8 ng/ml, 57.6 ± 47.7 ng/ml and 395.4 ± 275.6 ng/ml respectively) of
the controls. Significant inverse correlations were observed between the
dietary lycopene intake (r = －0.396, p = 0.041) and serum lycopene
(r
=－0.502, p = 0.008) with PC; while a significant
positive association was observed between dietary intake of retinol with PC (r = 0.394,
p = 0.042). Conclusion: The study has revealed low anti-oxidant
status, and an inverse association between lycopene status and prostate cancer
in the elderly men.