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Nitrini, R., Caramelli, P., Herrera, E.J., Bahia, V.S., Caixeta, L.F., Radanovic, M., Anghinah, R., Charchat-Fichman, H., Porto, C.S., Carthery, M.T., Hartmann, A.P., Huang, N., Smid, J., Lima, E.P., Takada, L.T. and Takahashi, D.Y. (2004) Incidence of Dementia in a Community-Dwelling Brazilian Population. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 18, 241-246.

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• TITLE: Post-Stroke Cognitive Disorders and Associated Factors in French Speaking West Africa, Benin Case

  AUTHORS: Dieu Donné Gnonlonfoun, Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet, Lansana Laho Diallo, Constant Adjien, Isaac Avlessi, Gérard Goudjinou, Octave Houannou, Dismand Houinato, Gilbert Dossou Avode

  KEYWORDS: Stroke; Cognitive Decline; Dementia; Benin

  JOURNAL NAME: Neuroscience and Medicine, Vol.5 No.1, March 7, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Introduction: Cognitive disorders frequency arising after a cardio-cerebral vascular disease (stroke) is currently on the rise due to the ageing population and the increase in the number of survivors after stroke occurrence. Objective: Determining post-stroke cognitive decline and identifying associated factors. Method: It consists in a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive and analytical study which was conducted from April 1 to August 31, 2013 in the Neurology Department of CNHU-HKM in Cotonou. The study involved 100 patients who have known stroke for at least the past 6 months and were all admitted and discharged later on. The disease survivors were re-contacted and examined again at home or at hospital. The cognitive decline (CD) was estimated by using a modified and adapted MMSE to suit our cultural era. Results: All patients were aged 58.9 years ± 13.6 years. Sex-ratio was 1.4. Cognitive decline frequency was 20%. Post-stroke cognitive decline frequency per sex was 11.6% and 8.4% respectively for females and males. Ischemia stroke patients had a higher cognitive decline (22.5%). 58.3% had severe CD. Moreover the CD frequency increased with time, from 16.7% in a year to 50% in 3 years. Total MMSE varied from 6 to 23 with 21 as median. From the unvaried analysis, the presence of sphincter disorders (1.26 [0.35-4.59], p = 0.004), consciousness disorders (15.67 [1.46-168], p = 0.04), and convulsion disorders (3.77 [1.01 -14.00], p = 0.003) was associated with cognitive decline. From multi-varied analysis, the sole presence of convulsive attacks (11.5 [1.79-73.58], p = 0.01) was individually associated with post-stroke cognitive decline. Conclusion: This study reveals the importance of CD after stroke. The occurrence of convulsions at stroke acute stage is a prognostic factor of CD medium or long-term occurrence. The overall coverage improvement depends on the integration of these data in stroke reach-out programs.