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Lane, A.L., Hord, C.W., West, R.A., Esposito, L.W., Coffeen, D.L., Sato, M., Simmons, K.E., Pomphrey, R.B. and Morris, R.B. (1982) Photopolarimetry from Voyager 2: Preliminary results on Saturn, Titan, and the rings. Science, 215, 537-543.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.215.4532.537

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Gravitational transformation of gaseous clouds: The formation of spiral galaxies and disk planets

  AUTHORS: Andrei Pavlov

  KEYWORDS: Gravitation; Planets; Saturn’s Rings; Computer Simulation; Planet’s Interior Structure; Formation of Galaxies; Spiral Galaxies; N-Body Simulations

  JOURNAL NAME: Natural Science, Vol.6 No.4, February 28, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Gravitation is one of the central forces playing an important role in formation of natural systems like galaxies and planets. Gravitational forces between particles of a gaseous cloud transform the cloud into spherical shells and disks of higher density during gravitational contraction. The density can reach that of a solid body. The theoretical model was tested to model the formation of a spiral galaxy and Saturn. The formations of a spiral galaxy and Saturn and its disk are simulated using a novel N-body self-gravitational model. It is demonstrated that the formation of the spirals of the galaxy and disk of the planet is the result of gravitational contraction of a slowly rotated particle cloud that has a shape of slightly deformed sphere for Saturn and ellipsoid for the spiral galaxy. For Saturn, the sphere was flattened by a coefficient of 0.8 along the axis of rotation. During the gravitational contraction, the major part of the cloud transformed into a planet and a minor part transformed into a disk. The thin structured disk is a result of the electromagnetic interaction in which the magnetic forces acting on charged particles of the cloud originate from the core of the planet.