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Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D. and Cooper, C. (2003) The concept of bullying at work. In: Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D. and Cooper, C., Eds., Bullying and Emotional Abuse in the Workplace, Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 3-32.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Workplace mistreatment: Health, working environment and social and economic factors

  AUTHORS: Margaret Hodgins

  KEYWORDS: Workplace Bullying; Mistreatment

  JOURNAL NAME: Health, Vol.6 No.5, February 24, 2014

  ABSTRACT: Objective: To explore patterns of workplace mistreatment, relationships with health and with selected workplace, economic and social factors in 34 countries. Methods: Secondary data analysis of the European Working Conditions Survey. Results: Patterns of ill treatment (across occupational groups, and sectors) were broadly consistent with smaller, less representative studies. Prevalence was lower than many studies but corresponds with estimates of serious mistreatment. Mistreatment increases the risk of both physical and mental ill health and is associated with a range of work environment factors. Mistreatment is more prevalent in countries with smaller gender gaps, better performance on the GINI index for income inequality and for countries with specific anti-bullying legislation. Conclusions: Mistreatment in work is complex, and interventions are required at the level of the organization. Implementation issues need to be addressed, as specific anti-bullying legislation does not appear to provide sufficient protection.