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R. O. Pepin, “Atmospheric Compositions: Key Similarities and Differences,” In: S. K. Atreya, et al., Ed., Origin and Evolution of Planetary and Satellite Atmospheres, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1989, pp. 291-305.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Nitrogen Discharged from the Earth’s Interior Regions

  AUTHORS: Mikio Fukuhara

  KEYWORDS: Nitrogen; Earth; Nuclear Transmutation; Calcium Carbonate; Geoneutrinos; Excited Electrons; Tectonics

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Modern Physics, Vol.5 No.2, January 22, 2014

  ABSTRACT: The abundant nitrogen in the Earth’s atmosphere can be interpreted as the result of endothermic nuclear transmutation of carbon and oxygen atom pairs in (Ca, D) CO3 or CaCO3 aragonite lattice of Earth’s crust from the Archean era to the present time, by physical catalytic help of excited electrons e* generated by stick sliding due to plate tectonics and geoneutrinos ν by the radioactive decay of elements such as uranium and thorium in Earth’s mantle: through a nuclear attraction effect that is due to deuteron catalysis of nitrogen formation. The relationship between the critical temperature T and the critical pressure P for the nuclear transmutation is expressed as 7253 × e-0.014P, and the formation of nitrogen in the mantle is possible at temperatures ≥ 2510 K and pressure ≥ 58 GPa.