TITLE:
Generalization of Abelian Gauge Symmetry, Dark Matter and Cosmological Expansion
AUTHORS:
Nikolay P. Tretyakov, Alexandre Ya. Terletsky, Vladimir N. Lukash, Maximo A. Agüero
KEYWORDS:
Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM; Cosmic Singularity; Dark Energy Theory; Dark Matter Theory
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Modern Physics,
Vol.5 No.1,
January
22,
2014
ABSTRACT: A commutative generalization of the U(1) gauge
symmetry group is proposed. The two-parametric family of two-connected abelian
Lie groups is obtained. The necessity of existence of so-called imaginary
charges and electromagnetic fields with negative energy density (dark photons)
is derived. The possibilities when the overall Lagrangian represents a sum or
difference of two identical Lagrangians for the visible and hidden sectors (i.e. copies of unbroken U(1)) are ruled out by the extended symmetry. The
distinction between the two types of fields resides in the fact that for one of
them current and electromagnetic kinetic terms in Lagrangians are identical in
sign, whereas for another type these terms are opposite in sign. As a
consequence, and in contrast to the common case, like imaginary charges attract
and unlike charges repel. Some cosmological issues of the proposed hypothesis
are discussed. Particles carrying imaginary charges are proposed as one of the
components of dark matter. Such a matter would be imaginarily charged on a large scale for the reason that dark atoms carry non-compensated
charges. It leads to important predictions for matter distribution, interaction
and other physical properties being different from what is observed in dominant
dark matter component in the standard model. These effects of imaginary charges
depend on their density and could be distinguished in future observations. Dark
electromagnetic fields can play crucial dynamical role in the very early
universe as they may dominate in the past and violate weak energy condition
which provides physical grounds for bouncing cosmological scenarios pouring a
light on the problem of origin of the expanding matter flow.